We can use the example jQuery library for edit field popup.
With this, I need to save selected field value to the Drupal database.
And I confirm that I can do it.
To do this we need to check where we are going to use this, Yes you already said about view table, but I like confirm that Drupal has also view called Drupal view. I hope you are not talking about Drupal view, In that case I need to know more about your planning about using this facility, like you have a page in where you display all the node's field of any particular content type and now when admin will click on the field, they get the popup displayed in the demo and admin can edit the field with saving the whole page and not reload the page only the related field will be updated.
What you think sir, I tried to understand your requirement deeply so that I can complete the task efficiently.
Other than this I can easily create a new custom module and integrate your requirement, I only want to know what are the cases where you want to add this facility.
Please ping me for start discussion.
Thank you